Injecting Service Components into Tests

You can use Liferay DXP’s @Inject annotation to inject service components into a test, like you use the @Reference annotation to inject service components into a module component.

@Inject uses reflection to inject a field with a service component object matching the field’s interface. Test rule LiferayIntegrationTestRule provides this annotation. The annotation accepts filter and type parameters, which you can use separately or together.

DXP Digital Enterprise 7.0 Fix Pack 30 and Liferay CE Portal 7.0 GA5 introduced the @Inject annotation.

To fill a field with a particular implementation or sub-class object, set the type with it.

@Inject(type = SubClass.class)

Replace SubClass with the name of the service interface to inject.

Here’s an example test class that injects a DDLServiceUpgrade object into an UpgradeStepRegistrator interface field:

public class Test {

    @ClassRule
    @Rule
    public static final AggregateTestRule aggregateTestRule = 
        new LiferayIntegrationTestRule();

    @Test
    public void testSomething() {
        // your test code here
    }

    @Inject(
        filter = "(&(objectClass=com.liferay.dynamic.data.lists.internal.upgrade.DDLServiceUpgrade))"
    )
    private static UpgradeStepRegistrator _upgradeStepRegistrator;

} 

Here’s how to inject a service component into a test class:

1. In your test class, add a rule field of type com.liferay.portal.test.rule.LiferayIntegrationTestRule. For example,

   @ClassRule
   @Rule
   public static final AggregateTestRule aggregateTestRule = 
       new LiferayIntegrationTestRule();
   

2. Add a field to hold a service component. Making the field static improves efficiency, because the container injects static fields once before test runs and nulls them after all tests run. Non-static fields are injected before each test run but stay in memory till all tests finish.

3. Annotate the field with an @Inject annotation. By default, the container injects the field with a service component object matching the field’s type.

4. Optionally add a filter string or type parameter to further specify the service component object to inject.

At runtime, the @Inject annotation blocks the test until a matching service component is available. The block has a timeout and messages are logged regarding the test’s unavailable dependencies.

Important: If you’re publishing the service component you are injecting, the test might never run. If you must publish the service component from the test class, use Service Trackers to access service components.

Great! Now you can inject service components into your tests.

Related Articles

Service Trackers

Finding and Invoking Liferay Services

Unit Testing with JUnit